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Recent Evidence from Assyrian Sources for Judaean History from Uzziah to Manasseh

Oriental Institute, Pusey Lane, Oxford OX1 2LE

A late eighth-century BCE tomb has been found at the Assyrian city of Kalhu (Nimrud) in northern Iraq, containing the bodies of two Assyrian queens identified from inscribed grave-goods. Their names Yabâ and Atalya are almost certainly Hebrew. Assyrian letters and administrative texts also found at Nimrud, and palace sculpture from Nineveh, contain evidence for a close relationship between Judah and Assyria, from the reign of Uzziah contemporary with Tiglath-pileser III, to that of Manasseh, contemporary with Esarhaddon. In this article Hezekiah’s short-lived attempt to reject the alliance is re-examined using contemporary Assyrian sources. Judah’s vital position facilitating trade from Egypt through Philistia to Assyria is deduced from Assyrian royal inscriptions recently edited, and from a recent study of Judaean weights.

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